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Topic: Sufi orders and the Islamic stateHow do you understand the relationship between the Sufi orders and the Islamic state on the basis of your readings of Ernst, Schimmel, and Trimingham?Main Text:Carl Ernst, The Shambhala Guide to Sufism (Boston: Shambala, 1997), pp. 120–46Fritz Meier, “Khurasan and the End of Classical Sufism,” in Fritz Meier, Essays on Islamic Piety and Mysticism, trans. John O’Kane (Leiden: Brill 1999), pp. 189-219Annemarie Schimmel, Mystical Dimensions of Islam, (Chapel Hill: University of N. Carolina Press 1975), ch. 5: “Sufi Orders and Fraternities,” pp. 228-58.J. S. Trimingham, The Sufi Orders in Islam (Oxford: OUP 1973), pp. 1–30Further Reading:M. Hodgson, The Venture of Islam (Chicago/London: University of Chicago, 1974-77), vol. II, pp. 201–54.John Voll, “Sufi Orders,” in J. Esposito (ed.), The Oxford Encyclopedia of the Modern Islamic World (Oxford: OUP 1995), IV: 109–117Sara Sviri, “Hakim Tirmidhi and the Malamati Movement in Early Sufism,” in Leonard Lewisohn, The Heritage of Sufism: vol. I: Classical Persian Sufism from its Origins to Rumi, (Oxford: Oneworld, 1999), pp. 583–613Primary Text:Abu Nasr al-Sarraj, “The Book of the Elect: On understanding and following the book of God” in Carl Ernst (ed., tran

s.) Teachings of Sufism (Boston: Shambhala 1999), pp. 3–14
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